Phonetics

Phonetics is study of the speech sounds that occur in all human languages to represent meanings. When people speak, they produce physically continuous stretches of sound, which those who know the language in which the utterance was made can analyse into strings of individual speech sounds.

types of phonetics

1. articulatory phonetics    study of the way how speech sounds are made    (articulated) by the vocal organs such as: (Dalam fonetik ini yang dipelajari adalah posisi dan gerakan bibir, lidah dan organ-organ manusia lainnya yang memproduksi suara atau bunyi bahasa.)

2. acoustic phonetics    study of the physical properties of the speech sounds(gelombang suara dan bagaimana mereka didengarkan oleh telinga manusia.)

3. auditory phonetics    study of the perceptual response to speech sounds    through ear, auditory nerve, brain(proses resepsi bunyi dan terutama bagaimana otak mengolah data yang masuk sebagai suara.)

Place of articulation

 

•  .Bilabial is a speech sound made by both upper and lower lip. These speech sound are represented by the symbol [p],[b],[m].

          Example: > Pet, Bat, Mat

                          > Pen, Band, Men

 

• ·        . Labiodentals is a speech sound formed with upper teeth and lower lip. The speech sound can be represented by the symbol [f] and [v].

          Example: > Fan, Van, safe, save

 

• ·         Dental is a speech sound produced with the tongue against the upper front teeth. The symbol [θ] and [ð].

          Example: [θ]> Teeth, Three, Thursday, Theory

                 [ð]> The, There, Then, Therefore 

 

• ·         Alveolar is a speech sound formed with the tongue touching behind the upper front teeth. The symbol [t], [d], [n], [s], [z].

           Example: > Tie, Die, Nut, See, Zoo

 > Top, Dip, Nice, Sit, Zebra

• ·        Velar Plosives is a speech sound produced with the back of the tongue againts the velum (soft palate).

           Example: [k]> kid, kill, kick, car, cold, can, cook

[g]> bag, mug, good, goose, glass

 

• ·         Glottal is a speech sound produced without the active use of the tongue and other parts of the mouth. The symbol [h].

            Example: have, has, house

            

http://www.tu-chemnitz.de/phil/english/chairs/linguit/indenpendent/kursmaterialin/introling

http://www.readingoldenglish.com